Learn about LEDs: 1. Why do LEDs light up?
The excess energy created when electrons collide becomes the light of the LED.
The LED that emits light is made up of n-type semiconductors, which have a high concentration of negative electrons, and p-type semiconductors, which have a high concentration of positive electrons. When current flows through this, positive and negative electrons collide vigorously and combine. At this moment, the energy they possessed becomes more stable at a lower energy level, and the excess energy is released as light (emission occurs at the junction). This is the principle of light emission in LEDs. Unlike traditional light bulbs that utilize light emitted from a filament heated by electricity, LEDs convert electricity directly into light, resulting in characteristics such as low power consumption and long lifespan that are not found in conventional lighting.
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